多属性融合的坦克分队作战效能评估

现代条件下战场情况复杂,影响作战效能的因素众多且具有不确定性,为了获得对作战效能更为准确,可靠的评价,构建了一种新的基于多属性融合的坦克分队作战效能评估模型。结合已有的证据理论改进算法,给出了一种新的解决冲突证据的组合规则,并提出了一种新的组合策略,将其应用于评估模型中定性指标的融合;通过线性与非线性综合加权的方法求得评价的综合分值,得出了最终的评估结果。通过实例表明,该模型符合评估实际,对多属性模型的评估具有一定的借鉴意义。     

区间数与灰决策的作战效能评估模型

针对作战效能评估过程中评价指标值同时存在精确数、区间数和语言类模糊数的情况,引入区间数与灰决策原理,提出了一种基于区间数与灰决策的作战效能评估模型。结合案例分析,对模型合理性进行验证,结果表明,该模型能够真实地反映武器装备作战效能的综合评估值。     

多枚声诱饵协同对抗水下声自导航行器决策方法

针对大型舰艇或舰艇编队机动性能差,且单枚声诱饵对抗效果差等问题,分析多枚声诱饵协同对抗水下声自导航行器使用方法,通过舰艇、声诱饵和水下声自导航行器间的运动几何关系,建立多枚声诱饵协同对抗数学模型,利用蒙特卡洛仿真对比分析纯机动、使用单枚声诱饵和多枚声诱饵不同对抗决策方法对水下声自导航行器捕获概率的影响,证明所提方法正确有效。     

信息化作战轮式车辆装备保障力量的思考

随着信息技术及高技术武器装备的发展,信息化作战对轮式车辆装备的要求越来越高,轮式车辆装备保障的重要性也日渐突出,轮式车辆装备保障力量研究的必要性也不断加强。在深入分析信息化作战轮式车辆装备保障力量概念和主要特征的基础上,对信息化作战轮式车辆装备保障力量的生成模式和编组方式进行了思考。     

水下航行器头部流噪声数值仿真与实验

选取头部线型,对航行器头部基于RNG k-ε湍流模型及FW-H声学模型进行流噪声模拟,然后对3种头部线型的航行器在不同速度下分别进行水洞实验。通过对比分析数值仿真与实验结果发现,航行器头部流噪声随着频率的增大而逐渐减小,随着速度的增大而增大。在相同速度下,与头部线型2、头部线型3相比,头部线型1流噪声较小,具有更好的降噪作用。所采用的计算方法可以比较准确地模拟航行器头部流噪声情况。     

动态滑翔运动建模、机理分析与航迹优化

信天翁凭借动态滑翔的飞行技巧从梯度风中获取能量,从而在几乎不拍翅膀的情况下进行长时间、长距离飞行,这种技巧应用于小型无人机上可拓展其完成任务的能力。基于飞行器动力学对梯度风场中的无人机运动方程进行推导和简化处理;利用简化的运动方程,分别从非惯性参考系中的动能定理和机械能变化的角度,对动态滑翔获取能量的机理进行分析;利用微分平坦法,以最小平均控制输入变化率为目标函数,对徘徊模式和平移模式的动态滑翔航迹进行优化计算。分析结果表明:逆风爬升、顺风下滑是动态滑翔基本获能方式。优化结果表明:控制输入变得更加平滑,甚至出现阶段性的常值,使得控制更加简化;徘徊模式下,当风梯度作为决策变量时,优化过程可在[0,0.5 s-1]的区间上找到使得目标函数值最小的风梯度;平移模式下,目标函数值在该区间上单调递减。     

Approximation results for min‐max path cover problems in vehicle routing

This article studies a min‐max path cover problem, which is to determine a set of paths for k capacitated vehicles to service all the customers in a given weighted graph so that the largest path cost is minimized. The problem has wide applications in vehicle routing, especially when the minimization of the latest service completion time is a critical performance measure. We have analyzed four typical variants of this problem, where the vehicles have either unlimited or limited capacities, and they start from either a given depot or any depot of a given depot set. We have developed approximation algorithms for these four variants, which achieve approximation ratios of max{3 ‐ 2/k,2}, 5, max{5 ‐ 2/k,4}, and 7, respectively. We have also analyzed the approximation hardness of these variants by showing that, unless P = NP , it is impossible for them to achieve approximation ratios less than 4/3, 3/2, 3/2, and 2, respectively. We have further extended the techniques and results developed for this problem to other min‐max vehicle routing problems.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

蚁群算法在车辆巡回保障中的应用研究

应用蚁群算法（ACA）解决车辆巡回保障问题，建立了车辆巡回保障优化数学模型，对轨迹更新规则进行了重新设定，给出了算法的实现步骤。通过算例分析，将计算结果与遗传算法（GA）和粒子群算法（PSO）作了比较，对模型和算法的正确性、高效性和适用性进行了验证。实验结果表明，该算法可以快速、有效求得车辆巡回保障的优化解，得到车辆巡回保障过程中的较优方案。     

On efficient algorithms for finding efficient salvo policies

We consider the salvo policy problem, in which there are k moments, called salvos, at which we can fire multiple missiles simultaneously at an incoming object. Each salvo is characterized by a probability p_i: the hit probability of a single missile. After each salvo, we can assess whether the incoming object is still active. If it is, we fire the missiles assigned to the next salvo. In the salvo policy problem, the goal is to assign at most n missiles to salvos in order to minimize the expected number of missiles used. We consider three problem versions. In Gould's version, we have to assign all n missiles to salvos. In the Big Bomb version, a cost of B is incurred when all salvo's are unsuccessful. Finally, we consider the Quota version in which the kill probability should exceed some quota Q. We discuss the computational complexity and the approximability of these problem versions. In particular, we show that Gould's version and the Big Bomb version admit pseudopolynomial time exact algorithms and fully polynomial time approximation schemes. We also present an iterative approximation algorithm for the Quota version, and show that a related problem is NP-complete.     

车辆悬挂系统的主动优化控制器设计及仿真

基于特征结构配置参数化结果,提出了车辆悬挂系统的主动优化控制器设计方法。该方法直接基于车辆悬挂系统的参数矩阵,便于工程应用。车辆悬挂系统的仿真实例表明所提主动优化控制器设计方法简单且有效。